在 VB 編程中經常需要和文件系統打交道,比如獲取硬盤的剩余空間、判斷文件夾或文件是否存在等。在VB 推出文件系統對象(File System Object)以前,完成這些功能需要調用 Windows API 函數或者使用一些比較復雜的過程來實現,使編程復雜、可靠性差又容易出錯。使用 Windows 提供的的文件系統對象,一切變得簡單多了。以下筆者舉出一些編程中比較常用的例子,以函數或過程的形式提供給大家,讀者可在編程中直接使用,也可以改進后實現更為強大的功能。 要應用 FSO 對象,須要引用一個名為 Scripting 的類型庫,方法是,執行 VB6.0 的菜單項“工程/引用”,添加引用列表框中的“Microsoft Scripting Runtime”一項。然后我們在“對象瀏覽器”中就可以看到 Scripting 類型庫下的眾多對象及其方法、屬性。 1、判斷光驅的盤符: Function GetCDROM() ´ 返回光驅的盤符(字母) Dim Fso As New FileSystemObject ´創建 FSO 對象的一個實例 Dim FsoDrive As Drive, FsoDrives As Drives ´定義驅動器、驅動器集合對象 Set FsoDrives = Fso.Drives For Each FsoDrive In FsoDrives ´遍歷所有可用的驅動器 If FsoDrive.DriveType = CDRom Then ´如果驅動器的類型為 CDrom GetCDROM = FsoDrive.DriveLetter ´輸出其盤符 Else GetCDROM = "" End If Next Set Fso = Nothing Set FsoDrive = Nothing Set FsoDrives = Nothing End Function 2、判斷文件、文件夾是否存在: ´返回布爾值:True 存在,False 不存在,filername 文件名 Function FileExist(filename As String) Dim Fso As New FileSystemObject If Fso.FileExists(filename) = True Then FileExist = True Else FileExist = False End If Set Fso = Nothing End Function ´返回布爾值:True 存在,False 不存在,foldername 文件夾 Function FolderExist(foldername As String) Dim Fso As New FileSystemObject If Fso.FolderExists(foldername) = True Then FolderExist = True Else FolderExist = False End If Set Fso = Nothing End Function 3、獲取驅動器參數: ´返回磁盤總空間大小(單位:M),Drive = 盤符 A ,C, D ... Function AllSpace(Drive As String) Dim Fso As New FileSystemObject, Drv As Drive Set Drv = Fso.GetDrive(Drive) ´得到 Drv 對象的實例 If Drv.IsReady Then ´如果該驅動器存在(軟驅或光驅里有盤片,硬盤存取正常) AllSpace = Format(Drv.TotalSize / (2 ^ 20), "0.00") ´將字節轉換為兆 Else AllSpace = 0 End If Set Fso = Nothing Set Drv = Nothing End Function ´返回磁盤可用空間大小(單位:M),Drive = 盤符 A ,C, D ... Function FreeSpace(drive) Dim Fso As New FileSystemObject, drv As drive Set drv = Fso.GetDrive(drive) If drv.IsReady Then FreeSpace = Format(drv.FreeSpace / (2 ^ 20), "0.00") End If Set Fso = Nothing Set Drv = Nothing End Function ´獲取驅動器文件系統類型,Drive = 盤符 A ,C, D ... Function FsType(Drive As String) Dim Fso As New FileSystemObject, Drv As Drive Set Drv = Fso.GetDrive(Drive) If Drv.IsReady Then FsType = Drv.FileSystem Else FsType = "" End If Set Fso = Nothing Set Drv = Nothing End Function 4,獲取系統文件夾路徑: ´返回 Windows 文件夾路徑 Function GetWindir() Dim Fso As New FileSystemObject GetWindir = Fso.GetSpecialFolder(WindowsFolder) Set Fso = Nothing End Function ´返回 Windows\System 文件夾路徑 Function GetWinSysdir() Dim Fso As New FileSystemObject GetWinSysdir = Fso.GetSpecialFolder(SystemFolder) Set Fso = Nothing End Function 5,綜合運用:一個文件備份通用過程: ´Filename = 文件名,Drive = 驅動器,Folder = 文件夾(一層) Sub BackupFile(Filename As String, Drive As String, Folder As String) Dim Fso As New FileSystemObject ´創建 FSO 對象實例 Dim Dest_path As String, Counter As Long Counter = 0 Do While Counter < 6 ´如果驅動器沒準備好,繼續檢測。共檢測 6 秒 Counter = Counter + 1 Call Waitfor(1) ´間隔 1 秒 If Fso.Drives(Drive).IsReady = True Then Exit Do End If Loop If Fso.Drives(Drive).IsReady = False Then ´6 秒后目標盤仍未準備就緒,退出 MsgBox " 目標驅動器 " & Drive & " 沒有準備好! ", vbCritical Exit Sub End If If Fso.GetDrive(Drive).FreeSpace < Fso.GetFile(Filename).Size Then MsgBox "目標驅動器空間太??!", vbCritical ´目標驅動器空間不夠,退出 Exit Sub End If If Right(Drive, 1) <> ":" Then Drive = Drive & ":" End If If Left(Folder, 1) <> "\" Then Folder = "\" & Folder End If If Right(Folder, 1) <> "\" Then Folder = Folder & "\" End If Dest_path = Drive & Folder If Not Fso.FolderExists(Dest_path) Then ´如果目標文件夾不存在,創建之 Fso.CreateFolder Dest_path End If Fso.CopyFile Filename, Dest_path & Fso.GetFileName(Filename), True ´拷貝,直接覆蓋同名文件 MsgBox " 文件備份完畢。", vbOKOnly Set Fso = Nothing End Sub Private Sub Waitfor(Delay As Single) ´延時過程,Delay 單位約為 1 秒 Dim StartTime As Single StartTime = Timer Do Until (Timer - StartTime) > Delay Loop End Sub 張慶 Email: QQ: 9365822 |